The present study was carried out to evaluate the dental and periodontal status in a group of Insulin dependent Egyptian children and this was accomplished clinically and microbiologically. One hundred diabetic children represented by group 1 with age range 6-14 years who had selected from out-patient clinic of Abo EL-Rish , Endocrine department of faculty of medicine, Cairo university. And ten healthy chidren represented by group 2 with the same age range, were selected from those who referred to the out-patient Pediatric clinic of faculty of dental medicine, Al-Alzhar University,
Girls branch. In this study dental examination was done by using mirror, probe, and periodontal probe. And caries prevalence was accomplished by using DMF, dmf and def indices. While periodontal status was evaluated by using PI, GI, PD and AL. Also this study evaluated the bacterial content qualitatively in plaque and saliva where Streptococcus
Mutans and Lactobacilli acidophilus were chosen because of their importance in causing dental caries. And A. actinomycetemcomitans was chosen as a gram negative bacteria type which has a major role in causing periodontal diseases. DMF and def recorded values of both groups were at the same with no statistically significant difference. While as regarded to dmf no cases in healthy group so comparison was not performed. PI, GI and PD recorded values of both groups were at the same with no statistically significant difference. While as regarded to AL no cases in healthy group so
comparison was not performed. Regarded prevalence of all bacterial species there were no statistically significant difference between two groups.