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33101

Influence Of Zinc And Some Commercial Products On Tramadol And Apetryl Detection In Human Urine Samples

Article

Last updated: 22 Jan 2023

Subjects

-

Tags

• Forensic Toxicology

Abstract

Urine drug testing plays an important role in detecting licit and illicit drug use. Adulteration of urine samples have been employed to disrupt these drug tests. Recently, zinc sulfate was used as an effective adulterant to bypass drug testing. Aim of the work: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of zinc sulfate and some adulteration methods on detection of tramadol and apetryl in urine and their effects on the validity tests. Method: Tramadol and apetryl were added to urine sample that were obtained from a healthy, drug-free subject to yield samples of urine containing tramadol and apetryl with concentrations (200 ng/ ml & 400 ng/ ml). Visine eye drop, zinc sulfate and lemon were added to these samples as well as dilution was done. These samples were tested for their ability to generate false negative results for the immunoassay test screen. Results: All adulterated urine samples as regard both drugs generated false negatives results. PH paper test showed more acidic PH with lemon juice while visine, zinc sulfate and dilution gave light green coloration indicating slightly acidic PH. Specific gravity showed increase of specific gravity for urine adulterated with lemon but decrease in diluted urine. Conclusion: There are needs to a more effective and efficient approach to urinalysis due to the false negatives that can result from adulteration of urine samples.

DOI

10.21608/ejfsat.2019.6689.1039

Keywords

Drug abuse, tramadol, Apetryl, Urine adulteration

Authors

First Name

shereen

Last Name

Elkhateeb

MiddleName

ahmed

Affiliation

Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty Of Medicine, Zagazig university, Zagazig

Email

sheren_elkhateb2001@yahoo.com

City

zagazig

Orcid

-

First Name

Manar

Last Name

Arafa

MiddleName

hamed

Affiliation

forensic medicine and clinical toxicology department, faculty of medicine, zagazig university, Zagzzig

Email

manar_arafa@hotmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

19

Article Issue

2

Related Issue

5375

Issue Date

2019-06-01

Receive Date

2019-01-03

Publish Date

2019-06-01

Page Start

43

Page End

60

Print ISSN

1687-0875

Online ISSN

2535-1915

Link

https://ejfsat.journals.ekb.eg/article_33101.html

Detail API

https://ejfsat.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=33101

Order

4

Type

Original Article

Type Code

429

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

The Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicology

Publication Link

https://ejfsat.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

-

Details

Type

Article

Created At

22 Jan 2023