Background: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) are very important due to their usage in many products such as pigments, food, and cosmetics. Aim: The goal of this investigation was to explore if beta-carotene (BC) can protect adult male Wistar rats from the testicular toxicity of sub-chronic oral exposure to TiO2NPs. Material and methods: Nine equal groups of ten mature male Wistar rats were formed.; Group (1) (negative control), group (2) (positive control), group (3) received BC (10mg/kg/day), groups (4, 5, 6 ) which were administrated with 30, 50 and 70mg/kg/day of TiO2NPs, group (7, 8, 9) which were administrated BC (10mg/kg/day)then (30, 50,70) mg/kg/day respectively of TiO2NPs for 60 days orally. Oxidative stress markers in testicular tissue, including malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were estimated. A histopathological examination of the testicular tissues by light microscopy was also performed. Results: The results demonstrated a statistically significant increase in MDA and a statistically significant drop in the antioxidant enzyme SOD in testicular tissue, both of which were alleviated by giving BC. Also, significant histopathological changes were detected in the form of degenerative changes in the seminiferous tubules. The interstitial tissue showed congestion and hemorrhage. These changes were improved by the administration of BC. Conclusion: It can be concluded that sub-chronic oral exposure to TiO2NPs induced oxidative stress produces testicular toxicity in rats, and the administration of BC has a potential antioxidant role.