120407

Predictors of Delayed Neurological Sequelae after Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning at Zagazig University Hospitals

Article

Last updated: 03 Jan 2025

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Abstract

Background: Carbon monoxide (CO) is an odorless, tasteless and colorless gas that causes a potentially fatal illness with a tremendous burden due to significant mortality and morbidity. Carbon monoxide poisoning leads to the development of delayed neurological sequelae (DNS). Aim: To assess the possible risk factors that can predict the development of DNS after acute CO poisoning. Subjects and methods: The patients were recruited between January 2018 and December 2018. The study included 37 cases with acute CO poisoning. The medical history was taken thoroughly. Patients underwent general and neurological clinical assessments with laboratory investigations, including arterial blood gases (ABG), carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), cardiac enzymes, and serum lactate. At the time of admission, all patients were subjected to an electrocardiogram (ECG) and brain imaging (CT or MRI) of the brain. They were followed up three and six months after discharge for complete neurological examination and cognitive functions assessment using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Results: Two patients died, both presenting with coma and hemodynamic instability. Five cases were excluded due to a lack of comprehension and refusal to follow-up. Out of the 30 patients who completed the follow-up, 67% survived with no complication, while DNS developed in 33% of the patients. Several predictors for development of DNS were identified. They included lower Glasgow coma score, duration of CO exposure, high COHb level, decrease in blood pH, elevated serum levels of creatine kinase and lactate, and abnormalities in brain structure. The time of DNS development extended to six months post-exposure. Conclusion: We conclude that several clinical and laboratory parameters can predict DNS. Recommendations: proper and accurate clinical and laboratory evaluation of any suspected case of acute CO poisoning should be performed especially those parameters proved to be predictors for DNS. The follow-up of cases should continue at least for six months post-exposure.

DOI

10.21608/zjfm.2020.41674.1063

Keywords

Carbon monoxide poisoning, Cognitive Function, Delayed neurological sequelae predictors, Minimental state examination

Authors

First Name

Safaa

Last Name

Gaballah

MiddleName

Zakaria

Affiliation

Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.

Email

safaaelwakeb@yahoo.com

City

zagazig

Orcid

-

First Name

Iman

Last Name

elkhishen

MiddleName

Abdel-Rady

Affiliation

Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.

Email

imanelkheshen@yahoo.com

City

Zagazig

Orcid

-

First Name

Noha

Last Name

Hashim

MiddleName

Ali

Affiliation

Neurology Departments, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.

Email

nhashim83@hotmail.com

City

Zagazig

Orcid

-

First Name

Omaima

Last Name

Abdel Hamid

MiddleName

Ibrahim

Affiliation

Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.

Email

dr_omaima2006@yahoo.com

City

Zagazig

Orcid

0000-0002-9923-6114

Volume

18

Article Issue

2

Related Issue

15247

Issue Date

2020-07-01

Receive Date

2020-09-03

Publish Date

2020-07-01

Page Start

105

Page End

121

Print ISSN

1687-160X

Online ISSN

2536-9849

Link

https://zjfm.journals.ekb.eg/article_120407.html

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https://zjfm.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=120407

Order

8

Type

Original Article

Type Code

402

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Zagazig Journal of Forensic Medicine

Publication Link

https://zjfm.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Predictors of Delayed Neurological Sequelae after Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning at Zagazig University Hospitals

Details

Type

Article

Created At

22 Jan 2023