in male reproduction.
Aim: To assess Vit. D levels both in serum and seminal fluid and to establish the relation between serum and seminal Vit. D
levels, semen parameters, male sex hormones, and serum calcium level in Egyptian infertile men.
Patients and Methods: We conducted a prospective case–control study that included 60 male patients with infertility of
unknown etiology and 30 healthy fertile males as controls. They were randomly recruited from the Andrology Clinic of Assiut
University Hospital (AUH) during the period from January 2018 to February 2019. Semen samples were collected and semen
parameters were evaluated. Also, seminal Vit. D level was measured. Blood samples were taken to estimate serum levels of
Vit. D, calcium, testosterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone.
Results: There was significant decrease of both serum and seminal Vit. D level in male infertility groups compared with the
control group. A significant positive correlation was found between serum and seminal Vit. D levels in the different studied
groups. Also, there was significant positive correlation between serum Vit. D level and nonprogressive sperm motility.
Conclusion: There was significant decrease of both serum and seminal Vit. D levels in Egyptian infertile males compared
with controls and significant positive correlation between serum Vit. D level and nonprogressive sperm motility, suggesting
the role of Vit. D in male fertility status, which requires further studies.