The research was mainly aimed at identifying the knowledge of the farmers concerned with the basics of protecting the rural environment from pollution in Kafr El-Sheikh governorate on a sample of 254 subjects. The data required to achieve the research objectives were completed using a questionnaire questionnaire, following the preparation of the questionnaire, The most important results were that about 87%, about 80%, about 81%, 82%, about 84%, about 89%, about 82% About 79%, about 89%, about 83, about 84% about 85%, nearly 81%, have fallen into the low and medium knowledge levels of the recommendations on methods of protecting the rural environment from pollution, the causes of pollution of irrigation water, the damage caused by irrigation water pollution, the methods of protecting irrigation water from pollution, the reasons leading to Pollution of agricultural soil, damage caused by pollution of agricultural soil, methods of soil protection against pollution, causes of air pollution, damage caused by air pollution, air pollution prevention methods, causes of food contamination, Food protection methods Of the pollution, respectively. The results also indicate that the independent variables combined account for 39.5% of the variation in the knowledge of the farmers concerned on the basis of the protection of the rural environment from pollution based on the value of R2.