Background:Collagen fibers arrangement and density play a pivotal role in cell migration and proliferation. Bovine Pericardium (BP) is a collagen – rich tissue which is currently used as a biological scaffold.
Aim of the work:The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the decellulrazation processes on the surface architecture and geometry of the BP and consequently cell seeding and epitheliliazation onto it.
Methods and Results:To achieve these goals bovine pericardium (BP) was decellularized with 1 % TritonX-100 and 0.1 % sodium dodecyl sulfate . Control group was only treated by PBS and post fixed in glutaraldehyed (GAD) 1%. The buccal cell suspensions were then overlaid on the serous side of the BP scaffolds at concentrations2×105 Cells/mL. 10 days following seeding the samples were fixed and SEM results were analyzed by Matlab software. The pore surfaces were measured 182.05±11.61μm2 and 132.44±12.35 μm2 in acellular and GAD BP respectively (P<0.05). The con surfaces were measured 93.54±13.41 μm2and 114.78±11.67 μm2 acellular and GAD PB respectively (P<0.05).The thickness of collagen bundles in decellularized BP and GAD BP (10 random fields) were obtained 19.5±6.3 μm and 16.8±.99 μm respectively (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The results of acellular group showed more attached cells onto scaffold, epithelialization growth, and spreading on the scaffold. While in contrast GAD-fixed group only scattered cell clumping were seen. Our findings showed that topographical changes after decellularization could provide a suitable growth pool or microenvironment, that can influence cellular attachment and subsequently cell-ECM integration in biological scaffold.