Diabetes mellitus is a cluster of metabolic diseases evidenced by hyperglycemia and disorders in insulin secretion. Purpose. The focus of this research was to look into the therapeutic effects of aqueous extract of Commiphora molmol (Myrrh) on alloxan-induced diabetic rats.Methods. 30 adult female albino rats were randomly divided into three groups (10 rats each): Normal control group (GI), untreated diabetic group (GII), and diabetic rats treated by oral administration of aqueous extract of Myrrh (0.5g/kg B.wt.) (GIII) for 30 days.Results. Myrrh extract showed hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects, as well as amelioration of the oxidative stress in serum and muscle due to reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) and increasing the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) concentration. These effects were accompanied by a significant upregulation of muscular insulin receptor (IR), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and glucose transporters-4 (GLUT-4) genes expression. Conclusion. Aqueous extract of Commiphora molmol (Myrrh) has a potential therapeutic influence not only improves the glycemic status but also improves insulin signaling via restoring the oxidation state.