Two pot experiments were performed in randomized complete block design with four replications. Wheat grains primed with Sodium Nitroprusside (SNP) and Hydrogen peroxide H2O2 (0, 50 and 100 µM) as well as water deficiency were the studied factors. Water deficiency significantly decreased plant growth indices, relative water content (RWC%), grain yield concomitant with decreasing leaf photosynthetic pigments, endogenous indole acetic acid (IAA), membrane stability index (MSI) in wheat plant as well as total carbohydrates of the yielded grains. Meanwhile, carotenoids, total phenolic content (TPC), total soluble sugars (TSS), proline, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), lipid peroxidation product (MDA), membrane leakage (ML), and enzymatic antioxidant activities were increased compared with control plants. Moreover, the antioxidant enzymes activity and flavonoids contents of the grains were increased in plants grown under 60% water irrigation requirements (WIR). While, SNP and H2O2 treatments improved the reduced impact of water stress on wheat growth and yield through enhancing photosynthetic pigments, RWC, IAA, osmolytes accumulation and antioxidant enzymes activities. Moreover, treatments with SNP and H2O2 caused marked decreases in H2O2, MDA levels and membrane leakage percentages (ML%). Priming with SNP or H2O2 improved wheat water deficiency tolerance as evident by the increments in the growth and grain productivity of water stressed wheat plant.