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Citrus clementine peels essential oil exhibited anti-SARS-CoV-2 and its modulatory effect against cytokine storm: Evidence from in vitro and in silico studies

Article

Last updated: 01 Jan 2025

Subjects

-

Tags

Organic chemistry

Abstract

SARS CoV-2 gets over more than four million people all over the world. The challenges for developing vaccines in overwhelming pandemic situations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), developing and screening of unique antiviral agents are peremptorily necessitated. In this study, we aimed to identify the chemical constituents of Citrus clementine peel essential oil (CCPEO) and to investigate its activities as anti-SARS-CoV-2 and anti-inflammatory activities. The chemical profile of CCPEO was identified via Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC/MS). The in-vitro cell viability was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and the 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) of CCPEO was determined. The antiviral effect of citrus clementine extract was determined by plaque reduction assay. A geometry-based molecular docking approach (Patchdock) was performed to create docking modifications that result in good molecular shape complementarity. The antiviral effect of CCPEO was attributed to the downregulation of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) released from Huh7cells, and thus attenuating the SARSCoV-2 infection-associated cytokine storm in severe cases.

DOI

10.21608/ejchem.2022.116657.5271

Keywords

citrus clementine, essential oil, SARS CoV-2, IL-6, TNFα, Molecular docking

Authors

First Name

Gihan

Last Name

Asaad

MiddleName

Farag

Affiliation

Department of Pharmacology, National Research Centre

Email

dr_g.asaad@yahoo.com

City

Cairo

Orcid

0000-0002-7679-5968

First Name

Mohamed

Last Name

Abdelhameed

MiddleName

Fayed

Affiliation

Pharmacology department, medical division, national research centre

Email

fayed.nrc@gmail.com

City

Cairo

Orcid

0000-0001-6100-6498

First Name

Mohamed

Last Name

Elraey

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

National Research centre

Email

elraiy@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

wael

Last Name

roshdy

MiddleName

hamed

Affiliation

Central Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt

Email

waelhamedroshdy@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Abdelbaset

Last Name

Elgamal

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Chemistry of Natural and microbial products, Pharmaceutical institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

Email

algamalgene@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Yasmine S.

Last Name

Moemen

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Clinical Pathology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Egypt

Email

yasmine.moemen@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

65

Article Issue

10

Related Issue

34864

Issue Date

2022-10-01

Receive Date

2022-01-17

Publish Date

2022-10-01

Page Start

419

Page End

427

Print ISSN

0449-2285

Online ISSN

2357-0245

Link

https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_215555.html

Detail API

https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=215555

Order

38

Type

Original Article

Type Code

297

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Egyptian Journal of Chemistry

Publication Link

https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Citrus clementine peels essential oil exhibited anti-SARS-CoV-2 and its modulatory effect against cytokine storm: Evidence from in vitro and in silico studies

Details

Type

Article

Created At

22 Jan 2023