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Optimization of Pagoda (Clerodendrum paniculatum L.) Extraction Based By Analytical Factorial Design Approach, Its Phytochemical Compound, and Cytotoxicity Activity

Article

Last updated: 01 Jan 2025

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Subjects

-

Tags

Pharmaceutical Chemistry

Abstract

One of the successful determinants of active compounds extraction from plant material depends mainly on the extraction procedures, including the type of solvents, plant materials, and extraction techniques used in the extraction procedure. This research aimed to optimize Pagoda's extraction yields (Clerodendrum paniculatum L.) using several types of solvents and extraction techniques and to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of extracts obtained. The various solvents include water, methanol, hexane, and ethanol, while the extraction techniques used were maceration, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and reflux. The flowers, leaves, and stems were also extracted to represent parts of the plants. Screening of secondary metabolites was carried out using thin-layer chromatography (TLC), while cytotoxic activity was tested against Artemia salina. The highest yield of extract was obtained using water, followed by methanol > ethanol > hexane. The most effective extraction methods were the reflux method, followed by MAE and maceration. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the linear model of plant parts, solvents, and interactions between factors showed significant effects on yield (P < 0.05). The studied extracts contain secondary metabolites of terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins. These extracts were also very toxic to Artemia salina; therefore, they can be developed as anticancer.

DOI

10.21608/ejchem.2022.82407.4060

Keywords

Pagoda, Factorial design, Phytochemical, Artemia salina, cytotoxic

Authors

First Name

Budiman

Last Name

Yasir

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi, Makassar 90242, Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia, Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia

Email

budimanyasir12@gmail.com

City

Makassar

Orcid

0000-0002-1976-8138

First Name

Ayun D

Last Name

Astuti

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

aDepartment of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia , Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Muhammad

Last Name

Raihan

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia

Email

mraihan@unhas.ac.id

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Rosdiana

Last Name

Natzir

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia

Email

rosdianarnatzir@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Subehan

Last Name

Subehan

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia

Email

subehan@unhas.ac.id

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Abdul

Last Name

Rohman

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Departement of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia

Email

abdulkimfar@gmail.com

City

Yogyakarta

Orcid

0000-0002-1141-7093

First Name

Gemini

Last Name

Alam

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia

Email

daengta007@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

0000-0003-3712-8457

Volume

65

Article Issue

9

Related Issue

31876

Issue Date

2022-09-01

Receive Date

2021-06-25

Publish Date

2022-09-01

Page Start

421

Page End

430

Print ISSN

0449-2285

Online ISSN

2357-0245

Article File

EJCHEM_Volume 65_Issue 9_Pages 421-430.pdf

PDF . 461.8kB

Link

https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_231399.html

Detail API

https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=231399

Order

40

Type

Original Article

Type Code

297

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Egyptian Journal of Chemistry

Publication Link

https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Optimization of Pagoda (Clerodendrum paniculatum L.) Extraction Based By Analytical Factorial Design Approach, Its Phytochemical Compound, and Cytotoxicity Activity

Details

Type

Article

Created At

22 Jan 2023