Magnetite cellulose composite was synthesized from oxidized cellulose, magnetite, and graphene oxide. First, cellulose was oxidized by 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) followed by in situ synthesis of magnetite from FeSO47H2O with FeCl3 in the presence of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose. Next, graphene oxide (GO) synthesized from graphite by Hummer oxidation method with slight modification was loaded onto magnetite cellulose giving composite utilized for latent fingerprint visualization. The prepared composite was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques. Additionally, the magnetic composite has visualized the latent fingerprints (LFPs) and the cytotoxicity of the prepared composite. Investigating magnetite composite toward normal immortalized skin cells (BJ1) by MTT assay found that the cells treated with composite were affected by 21.3% only. These results show the great application prospects of this eco-friendly powder in criminal investigation and forensic identification.