Synthesized starch cellulose acetate coacrylate (SCACA)/ Sodium bentonite modified Tween-80 (MSB) nanocomposites holding anticancer drugs like 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX), and Chlorambucil (CA) as controlled release systems were evaluated and assessment as antiproliferative activity towards breast cancer cell lines, and antimicrobial activity against some strains. The nanocomposites loaded drugs characterized by Zeta Potential, FTIR, SEM and TEM. The results indicated that no change in the chemical structures and physical properties of the drugs into the nanocomposites. The surface texture of the samples was homogenous and smooth with no evidence of aggregations after release and there were some pore like structure and cracks formed due to blooming of drug outside nanocomposites. The particle size diameter of the prepared polymer was found to be 73 ~ 79 nm. After holding Doxorubicin the particle size was from 18 to 24 nm , 5-fluorouracil from 15 to 18 nm and Chlorambucil was from 24 to 75 nm. The release of drug was measured spectrophotometrically. The values of drug released depend on the type and nature of drug as well as the environmental aqueous media. The release in alkaline and acidic media was more faster and higher than that in the neutral one.
The invitro study results of anticancer drugs released from polymers placed inside the culture media, showed 5-FU was given an effective promising results compared to DOX and CA. The antimicrobial test revealed that, the released 5-FU gave the highest effect as antimicrobial against all tested strains followed by DOX and CA.