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4495

Application of Some Physical Techniques for Forensic Discrimination of Printer Toner

Article

Last updated: 01 Jan 2025

Subjects

-

Tags

Polymer chemistry

Abstract

The documents examiner had trouble forensic discrimination between types of toner using a single analysis method. In our study seven samples of toner removes from laser printers of various and same brands of different models will be analysed using more than one method as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to distinguish between different toner samples and applying all analysis data for forensic evidence. Results of FT-IR analysis show that all toner samples of HP brand had the same polymeric resin. Raman spectroscopy used to differentiate between toner samples had the same polymeric resin in FT-IR analysis by comparing their Raman spectrum. Toner samples of HP 2300 and HP 4700 printers were indistinguishable by using results of FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy, therefore, more elemental analysis will be required. XRF used to differentiate between indistinguishable toner samples of HP 2300 and HP 4700 printers by FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy. Also for all toner samples, results of XRF shown that iron, silicon, cupper, calcium, and ruthenium were the major percent elements present in toner. The results of XRD show that there are common compounds (phases) between the analyzed toner samples and the composition for major elements present were oxides.

DOI

10.21608/ejchem.2017.1545.1123

Keywords

Toner analysis, Laser printer, Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRF, XRD, Forensic discrimination

Authors

First Name

Samia

Last Name

Shraa

MiddleName

Ibrahim

Affiliation

Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt

Email

samiashara2012@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Yasser

Last Name

Moustafa

MiddleName

Mohamed

Affiliation

Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt

Email

ymoustafa12@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Al-Sayed

Last Name

Bakr

MiddleName

Aly

Affiliation

Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt

Email

als_water@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Abdel Aleem

Last Name

Abo Elmagd

MiddleName

Solyman

Affiliation

Al-Azhar University, Chemistry Department, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt

Email

dr.aleem@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Ibrahim

Last Name

Abd El-Aziz

MiddleName

Mohamed

Affiliation

Forgery & Counterfeiting Department, Forensic Medicine Authority, Cairo, Egypt

Email

ibrahimexpert_78@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

61

Article Issue

1

Related Issue

936

Issue Date

2018-02-01

Receive Date

2017-08-27

Publish Date

2018-02-01

Page Start

131

Page End

142

Print ISSN

0449-2285

Online ISSN

2357-0245

Link

https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/article_4495.html

Detail API

https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=4495

Order

12

Type

Review Articles

Type Code

444

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Egyptian Journal of Chemistry

Publication Link

https://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Application of Some Physical Techniques for Forensic Discrimination of Printer Toner

Details

Type

Article

Created At

22 Jan 2023