Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) considered a serious health problem over the world, which cause chronic liver diseases, cirrhosis, liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. In Egypt the prevalence of HCV was 14.7% for positive HCV antibody (Ab) between 15 to 59 years age group during the year 2008, but in the year 2015, there was a significant reduction of in HCV antibody positive and HCV RNA positive individuals (32% and 29% respectively) according to the Egyptian Health Issues Survey (EHIS) and HCV seroprevalence was 10% and 7% viremia between 15 to 59 years age group. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of HCV RNA positive pregnant women with the general population and discover the possible risk factor for perinatal outcome. Patients & Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 187 pregnant women admitted for labour at Zagazig university hospital between May 2018 to December 2018. Results: the results showed that all women in study were comparable as regards mean age with significant association (p=0.001) with increase maternal age, geogravical distribution,socio-economic level, household contact of HCV patient, previous abortion with significant association (p=0.03). The risk factor for HCV infection in study participant varied between visiting dentist, previous blood transfusion without statisyically significant difference. Conclusions: several risk factors for mother-to-child transmission were determined but none are modifiable and there was no interventions available to prevent vertical transmission.