Background:Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most common microvascular complications of type II diabetes mellitus that may lead to renal failure. Vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin and its deficiency associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular and diabetic nephropathy. There were controversial studies about role of vitamin D in diabetic nephropathy.
Aim of the study:vitamin D has a protective and therapeutic role against hypertension accompanied with diabetic nephropathy in type II diabetes mellitus and try to find out a possible mechanism of its effect.
Material and Methods:36 male of local strain albino rats. They were randomly divided into: Group I: control group and Group II: Experimentally induced type II diabetic group Then, were subdivided equally into: Group 1(diabetic nephropathy group), Group 2(vitamin D prophylactic group), Group 3(metformin prophylactic group), Group 4(metformin and vitamin D prophylactic group) and Group 5( treated diabetic nephropathy). Fasting serum insulin,glucose,lipid porfile,angiotensin II and kidney function tests were estimated. BMI,GFR,and HOMA-IR were calculated in all groups at the end of the experiment. Also arterial blood pressure was measured.
Results:Vitamin D and metformin alone and in combination or treated diabetic nephropathy group induced significant increase in SOD,urinary creatnine with significant decrease in serum insulin,glucose,triglycerides,cholesterol,LDL,HDL, creatnine,urea,proteinuria,angiotensin II,MDA and ABP. This effect was significant in vitamin D/metformin combination group compared to the use of either vitamin D or metformin alone.
Conclusion:vitamin D may have a protective and therapeutic role in hypertension and nephropathy in type II diabetes mellitus.