Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a common neonatal condition in premature infants Its treatment requires the use of surfactants. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of Iess invasive surfactant administration (LISA) via tracheal catheterization compared with intubation. Methods: this was clinical trial study carried out in Zagazig University, in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), carried on 68 patients that were divided into two groups according to the technique of surfactant administration. Results:results revealed that there was highly statistically difference between LISA and INSURE(intubation surfactant instillation extubation) group regarding CPAP and need of mechanical ventilation ;there was statistically significant difference between LISA and INSURE group regarding the possible complications as INSURE group has higher possibility for ventilator associated pneumonia , pneumothorax , Symptomatic PDA , Pulmonary hemorrhage and retinopathy of prematurity screening ,but there was no statistically significant difference between LISA and INSURE group regarding duration of O2 therapy, hospital stay and death before discharge . Conclusions: LISA technique for surfactant delivery results in a lesser need for mechanical ventilation and lesser complications in preterm infants with RDS. This method can be promising and effective step, which is feasible, cost-effective to be standardized.
Key words less invasive surfactant administration, respiratory distress syndrome,clinical trial.