Background: Acute myeloid leukemia is a heterogeneous disease caused by clonal proliferation and disrupted differentiation of malignant myeloid precursors. AML can be classified based on chromosomal abnormalities, acquired somatic mutations, gene expression. Significant changes in gene transcription may lead to relapse after chemotherapy. So, assessment of the prognosis in AML is very crucial.
Aim: To assess prognostic impact of miRNAs (miR-155, miR-10a, let-7a) levels using in AML patients.
Method: 55 subjects were included in this work. They were classified into 2 groups: patient and control group. Patient group is further classified according to cytogenetic analysis into 3 groups: bad, intermediate & good prognosis. miRNAs (mir155, miR-10a, let7a) was assessed using real time PCR [QIAGEN, miScript, Quanti Tect and Rotor-isc (QIAGEN Group) PAXgene (pre Analytix Gmbh)].
Results: There was significant increase in miRNAs (miR-155, miR-10a, let-7a) level among cases compared to control group. There was significant increase in miR-155 level and significant decrease in miR-10 and Let-7a among bad prognosis cases compared to intermediate and good subgroups. There was significant +ve correlation between miR-155 & blast % B.M and significant -ve correlation between (miR-10a, let-7a) and blast % BM among the cases group. There was significant increase in DFS and OS among intermediate & good compared to bad subgroups. ROC curve detected the validity of (miR-155, mir10a & let7a respectively) in diagnosis of AML.
Conclusion: miRNAs (miR-155, miR-10a, let-7a) expression levels were significantly higher in AML patients compared to control group and have prognostic significance in adult patients with AML.