Background: The gold standards for detection of urothelial carcinoma are cystoscopy and biopsy. Both are invasive and expensive, therefore cytology is the first approach to investigate urothelial neoplasm, being safe and cost-effective.
Aim of the study: To evaluate the role of Minichromosome maintenance protein 2 in differentiation between benign and malignant urothelial lesions and the role of Fascin in detection of invasion in malignant tumors using urine cytology
Materials and Methods: A prospective study has been held from January 2016 to December 2018. Eighty cases divided into: group A included a definitive cytological diagnosis either benign or malignant and group B included a cytological diagnosis of atypia and suspicious. An immune-cytochemistry technique was done using minichromosome maintenance protein-2 and Fascin on urine cytology specimens for diagnosing bladder cancer.
Results:
Results: In group A the sensitivity of Minichromosome maintenance protein 2 and cytology were 90% and100% respectively, while the specificity was 100% and 70% respectively. In group B the sensitivity of MCM2 and cytology were 81% and 100% respectively, while specificity was 94.4% and 0.0% respectively. In both groups the sensitivity and specificity of Fascin were 86.5% and100% respectively.
Conclusions: Minichromosome maintenance protein 2 differentiates between benign and malignant tumors of the urinary bladder, also Fascin detect invasion by examination of urine cytology.