BACKGROUND: High serum vaspin concentrations and increased vaspin mRNA expression in human adipose tissue were associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and type II diabetes. However, the mechanisms how vaspin secretion may be linked to deterioration of glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity are not understood. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this work is to explore the effect of dietary regimen for 6 months on serum vaspin levels in obese diabetic and non diabetic female patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study was carried out in Zagazig University Hospital and Obesity management and research unit. The sample size was 40 obese female patients. All participants were screened to determine the eligibility for participation in the study according to specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.Control groups didn't follow any diet plan while mediterrnean diet group followed mediterrnean diet for 6 months. The following parameters were assessed at the beginning and after 6months:body mass index(BMI), waist circumference(WC),Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA), Atherogenic index (AI), creatinine clearance  and circulating levels of vaspin, vitamin D ,Low density lipoprotein (LDL), High density lipoprotein (HDL), Triglyecrides (TG), Total cholesterol  (TC), glucose,insulin,HbA1c, Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Malondialdehyde (MDA). RESULTS: Mediterrnean diet life style for 6 months resulted in a significant decrease in BMI, WC, HOMA, AI, vaspin, LDL, TG, TC,glucose,insulin,HbA1c  and MDA with a significant increase in HDL,SOD and vitamin D. CONCLUSION: Elevated  serum vaspin and low VitD levels  are encountered in obesity.So, vaspin may be used as a novel biomarker for obesity, insulin resistance and TypeII DM management.