Background: The standard goal of surgical options of lumbar disc herniations is adequate decompression with minimalizm which means tissue preservation, improving clinical outcome and minimizing harm to neural, muscular, ligamentous and peridural structures. In brief, doing only what is needed Objectives: The aim of this work is evaluation of the endoscopic lumbar discectomy in treatment of lumbar and lumbosacral disc herniation and to compare endoscopic and microscopic discectomy. Patients and Methods: A prospective study that was carried out in Zagazig University Hospital, Neurosurgery Department during the period from 2016 to 2018. The sample size was 30 patients with lumbar disc herniation attending the out-patient clinic of Neurosurgery Department. The sample was selected from the spine unit by systematic random sampling technique until the sample size was reached which took the duration from May 2016 till august 2018 (24 months). All participants were screened to determine the eligibility for participation in the study according to specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were treated surgically using neuroendoscopy and microscopic discectomy techniques. The two groups were evaluated clinically (VAS, ODI), radiologically (dynamic x-ray, CT and MRI), laboratory (Creatine phosphokinase level) and surgically (operative time, perioperative blood loss, complications, postoperative mobilization and hospital stay). Results: Endoscopic discectomy procedure , proved to be a technique with a high accuracy and reliability, with results comparable to those reported in studies with the classical microdiscectomy regarding the clinical condition (pain free status), but superior in regard to less muscle injuiry and damage. Conclusion: Endoscopic discectomy procedure is a valid, safe, and effective treatment for herniated lumbar disc.