Abstract Background: This study aimed at assessment of the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in evaluating residual disease, and its ability to detect response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for locally advanced breast cancer cases. Aim of Study: The aim of this study was to assess the role of MRI in evaluating response to NAC for locally advanced breast cancer cases. Patients and Methods: This prospective study included 40 female patients with pathologically proven locally advanced breast cancer, with mean age of 43.1 years. They underwent dynamic MRI with diffusion study after neoadjuvant chemo-therapy (NAC) to assess the response after the NAC, results were compared to the histopathological results after surgery following NAC as the gold standard. The study was done at Radiology Department, Mansoura University, Egypt. This study was carried out in the period between February 2017, and September 2019. Results: MRI showed sensitivity of 91.2%, specificity 66.7%, PPV 93.9%, NPV 57.1%, and accuracy 87.5% in assessment of the response to NAC. In (17.5%) of cases MRI showed overestimation compared to the pathological results. In (5%) of cases MRI showed underestimation compared to the pathological results. Conclusion: MRI proved to be highly beneficial in assess-ment of response of locally advanced breast cancer to NAC. However, it may overestimate or underestimate residual disease in some patients. Further studies to improve the specificity of MRI may be of benefit.