Abstract Background: Vascular and renal complications are com-mon associations to diabetes mellites despite current therapies. Glucagon like peptide 1 may present a recent solution to these complications and provide a better control. Aim of Study: This investigation aimed to study the effects of glucagon like peptide 1 receptor agonist on induced type 2 diabetes mellitus and the possible underlying mechanisms. Methods: Fifty male albino rats classified into five groups, 10 rats each: Non diabetic, diabetic non treated, diabetic metformin-treated, exendin-4 treated diabetic and combined metformin & exendine-4 treated diabetic groups. After 7 weeks, systolic blood pressure, renal blood flow and renal resistance were measured. Urine volume per minute, urine creatinine, creatinine clearance, fasting blood glucose, glyc-osylated hemoglobin (HbA1c %), serum insulin, serum glu-cagon, blood urea nitrogen, total anti-oxidant capacity, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa) were assessed. Results: The diabetic metformin, exendine-4-and combined metformin & exendine-4-treated groups revealed significant improvement in glycemic state, oxidative stress, inflammatory state, hemodynamic parameters and renal functions compared to the corresponding values of diabetic non-treated group. Exendin-treated group significantly decreased the previously mentioned parameters plus glucagon level compared to diabetic non-treated and diabetic metformin-treated groups. Combined metformin & exendine-4-treated group showed improvement of all previously mentioned parameters more than each treat-ment alone. Conclusion: Exendine-4 treatment improved diabetic parameters and associated hemodynamic and renal complica-tions more effective than that of the specific agents as met-formin. Combined metformin treatment with exendine-4 showed significant improvement than that of using each of them alone.