Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) mixed with xenograft in direct maxillary sinus lift using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). CBCT was used for analysis of bone quantity and quality at the future implant site.
Methods: Twenty patients of both sexes (16 females and 4 males) with missing maxillary first or second molar teeth, bone height ≤ 4mm, and crestal ridge width of at least 5 mm were included. A blood sample was collected from each patient that was subjected to centrifugation to obtain the PRGF preparation. Direct maxillary sinus lift with lateral approach was performed and xenograft mixed with PRGF was used as sinus graft. Bone height, bone width, graft volume and bone grey value/density were assessed using CBCT scan immediately after surgery and after 6 months.
Results: After 6 months, there was 13.22 % decrease in total bone height (TBH) that was statistically significant. Also, there was a decrease in the crestal, middle, and apical bone widths which was significant at the middle bone width (MBH). Graft volume (GV) decreased by 20.98%; however, this decrease was statistically non-significant. Bone grey value/density showed a significant increase of 25.47 % in residual ridge density (RRD) and 21.09 % in residual ridge and graft density (RRGD).
Conclusion: PRGF combined with xenograft increased the bone height, established middle and apical bone widths required for the implant support. Additionally, the used graft improved the bone density as measured by the grey value on CBCT scans.