Background: Radicular cysts are the most common inflammatory odontogenic cyst which can be treated with decompression especially in children with large cyst and has vital structures and or vital tooth.
Purpose: to evaluate clinical and radiographic effectiveness of decompression as a conservative treatment in decreasing the size of a pediatric radicular cysts and reveal the effect of different variables such as impacted tooth angulation, cusp tip depth and cyst size on related impacted tooth eruption.
Methodology: A healthy 10 children with average age of 9years old with unilateral radicular mandibular cysts. decompression was done incorporating a multipurpose space maintainer. Clinical and radiographic follow up was done.
Results: Ten patients were treated by decompression and the volume reduction rate was 79.1%. The monthly reduction rate was better in lesions greater than 275 mm2 with -28.00 ± 20.05and -17.52 ± 7.05 in lesions lower than 275mm2 with statistical significant difference (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Decompression is effective for the treatment of radicular cystic lesions in pediatrics as it enables eruption of the impacted teeth within the cyst and decrease morbidity and protects neighboring vital structures.