Background: Both melatonin (MLT) and Hyaluronic acid (HA) are widely used in the dental field especially in implant therapy due to their well known physiochemical properties and biologic effects that boost hard and soft tissues healing.
Aim: Assessing the effect of local application of a mixture of HA and MLT to the implant surface and peri-implant gap in immediate implants.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-four subjects with teeth scheduled for extraction of hopeless teeth in the inter-bicuspid region were equally divided between test group (immediate implant with HA and MLT mixture) and a control group (immediate implant alone). CBCT scans were done immediately after implant placement and 6 months postoperatively to evaluate the bone changes in terms of vertical, horizontal bone dimensional and density changes.
Results: At the end of the study, the peri-implant vertical and horizontal buccal bone changes in test group recorded lower mean value compared to control group with no statistical significant difference between both groups with mean for test group (-0.97±0.265 ; -0.33±0.222) and control group (-1.08±0.275 ; -0.41±0.371) (p=0.329 ; p=0.543) respectively. As for the increase in bone density, there was a statistical difference between both groups in favor of the test group, with median and range [58.45 (8 - 110), 18.1 (0 - 70)] for test and control groups respectively.
Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, topical application of MLT and HA mixture might have a beneficial impact on immediate implant placement specifically in reduction of buccolingual dimensional changes and increasing bone density.