Background: This study aims at clarifying if grape seed extracts (GSE) are candidates' therapeutic agents against the damaging effects of diabetes mellitus on the alveolar bone and periodontal ligaments.
Materials and methods: By randomly allocating 50 adult albino rats into five groups, each group included 10 rats as follows: Group I (negative control): served as controls; Group II: (positive control) diabetic rats receive no treatment ; Group III: group II, diabetic rats were treated with 50 mg/kg GSE for 6 weeks; Group IV: diabetic rats treated with 100 mg/kg GSE for 6 weeks; Group V: diabetic rats treated with 10 mg/kg gliclazides for 6 weeks. At the end of the experiment, extraction and preparation of rats jaws to examine their alveolar bone and periodontal ligaments histologically and immunohistochemically.
Results: diabetic rats treated with GSE 100 mg/kg showed marked improvement of periodontal ligaments and alveolar bone with new bone formation compared to diabetic rats treated with GSE 50mg/kg and Gliclazides 10mg/kg. Immunohistochemical analysis of Bcl2 in untreated diabetic rats has statistically significantly (P≤0.001) caused an increase in Bcl2 expression in comparison with diabetic rats that receive treatments. GSE 100mg/kg has statistically significantly (P≤0.001) led the Bcl2 expression to decrease in comparison with GSE 50 mg/kg and diabetic rats treated with gliclazide.
Conclusion: GSE at dose 100mg/kg improved the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone in diabetic rats it could be used as a supplement for treating diabetic patients with diabetes Mellitus.
Keywords: Streptozotocin, Diabetes Mellitus, grape seeds extract, gliclazide, Bcl2