Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to compare the use of interpositional bovine bone block to autogenous chin bone block in augmentation of atrophic posterior mandible for dental implant installation.
Materials and Methods: Twelve patients (n=12) with atrophic posterior mandible were augmented using inlay technique and divided randomly into two equal groups according to the type of the graft used, autogenous bone graft (Group I) and bovine bone graft (group II). After six months, core biopsies sites were taken from the sites of implant, which were analyzed histologically. Results: Six months after augmentation, alveolar bone height gain were 10.76± 1.043 mm and 11.24± 0.3721 mm for group I and group II respectively. there was no statistical significant difference in height gain between both groups as p> 0.05.
There was more graft remnants in bovine group, but both groups showed a good level of osteointegration with an adequate extension of bonding surface between host bone and the graft particles.

Conclusion: Both grafts achieved successful results, however the use of the bovine bone graft was less invasive and avoided donor site morbidity.