Objective: to evaluate dental arch and smile changes after miniscrew anchored en-masse retraction of maxillary anterior teeth in Class II division 1 malocclusion cases.
Methods: A total of 22 adult patients (mean age, 19.78 + 1.24 years) with Class II division 1 malocclusion were randomly assigned to 2 groups; group I (11 patients treated with miniscrew anchored en-masse retraction) and group II (11 patients treated with two-step retraction using conventional anchorage). Skeletal, dentoalveolar and smile changes were analyzed in both groups using standardized photographs, study casts, and lateral cephalograms before and after space closure.
Results: Miniscrew anchored en-masse retraction showed a statistically significant decrease in upper incisor display (U1UL) (-2.22±1.33; P<0.05). There was a significant increase in nasolabial angle (-13.6±8.09, P≤0.001; 6.6±5.93, P=0.007) for group I and II, respectively. Non-significant difference was found in buccal corridor and smile arc measurements in both groups (P>0.05). Group II demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in IMW (-1.63 ± 1.19, P<0.05) and significant mesialization of maxillary first molars (U6-MR, U6-LR) (-2.46 +1.64, -1.03 + 1.13, P˂0.05).

Conclusion: The use of miniscrews as a means of anchorage during retraction of maxillary anterior teeth provides an absolute anchorage for maxillary first molars with in either anteroposterior or vertical direction. Therefore, it could effectively reduce upper incisors display without altering buccal corridor dimensions or affecting the smile arc.