Aim: Analysis of root canal pattern in the mesiobuccal root of maxillary first and second molars using CBCT. Methods: In this study fifty human extracted teeth with fully formed apices were selected (twenty five maxillary first molars and twenty five maxillary second molars). CBCT was used to evaluate the presence of the MB2 (mesiobuccal) root canal and the morphology of root canals in MB root (the type of root canal system). Results: CBCT examination showed that out of 25 maxillary first permanent molar teeth studied, the mesiobuccal roots with a single canal were of type I (56%) or type III (4%) configuration. Those with two canals were of type II (24%) or type IV (16%) configuration. Regarding the maxillary second permanent molars the mesiobuccal roots were with a single canal of type I (64%) configuration. Those with two canals were of type II (12%), type IV (20%) or type VI (4%) configuration. Conclusion: CBCT scans certainly show promise as a modality to facilitate the identification of root and canal configuration. The information gained about the tooth anatomy and canal morphology before treatment could potentially facilitate root canal therapy.