Purpose: to correlate between the newly formed bone in different augmented extraction sockets and implant stability quotients, in-favor of reaching the preferred socket augmentation material following application of either platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) or Xenograft as augmentation materials or either leaving the sockets non-augmented for enhancement of new bone formation, using histologic assessment and implant stability assessment following implant placement.
Methodology: This study was conducted on 27 patients (19 females and 8 males) with age range of (23-49 years), the mean age was (37,5±5), with 42 fresh extraction sockets in the esthetic zone (13 first premolars, 13 second premolars, 5 canines, 5 lateral incisors and 6 central incisors). Patients were randomly allocated to one of three main groups (A, B, C) which were further divided into six subgroups according to time of implant placement: Group A3: (n=7), Group A6 (n=7), where L-PRF was applied alone immediately after extraction. Group B3 (n=7), Group B6 (n=7): in which Bio-Oss was placed immediately after extraction. Group C3 (n=7), Group C6 (n=7): in which sockets were left un-augmented. All groups were assessed using resonance frequency analysis (RFA) for implant stability, and histologically where core biopsies were collected at time of implant placement. Correlation was done between the two methods of assessment to reach the preferred augmentation material for bone enhancement.
Results: There was a statistically significant direct (positive) correlation between bone formation % using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain and Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) scores after 6 months in control group. An increase in bone formation % is associated with an increase in ISQ scores and vice versa. There was no statistically significant correlation between bone formation % using H&E stain and ISQ scores in all other groups or subgroups.
Conclusion: PRF in the amount used in the current study had a negligible impact on the overall bone quantity in post-extraction sockets or implant stability, leaving sockets un-augmented for six months or more is preferred where bone quality and implant stability are enhanced.