Background: Potential pollution of air, water and land is a consequence of fertilizers industrial
productions that have biohazardous impact on animal, human health and ecosystem. Aim: To
investigate the clinical response and the levels of IL-6 and Nitric Oxide derivatives (nitrogen
oxide) (NO ˚) after non-surgical periodontal therapy in chronic periodontitis patients working
in fertilizers factory. Material and Methods: 60 subjects were included in the study. Forty
chronic periodontitis male patients equally divided into 2 groups. Group І, 20 patients working
in the fertilizers and chemical industries factory and group II, 20 patients did not work or live
near any fertilizer factories. Twenty healthy volunteers not working in fertilizer factories were
act as a control group (Group III). The Plaque Index (Pl-I), Gingival index (GI), Probing pocket
depth (PD), and the Clinical Loss of Attachment (CLA) (clinical parameters) were scored for all
subjects at baseline and one month after non-surgical periodontal therapy. Gingival Crevicular
Fluid (GCF) samples were collected from all subjects, used for analysis by RT -PCR to assess the
levels of IL -6 and Nitric Oxide derivatives (nitrogen oxide) (NO ˚) before (baseline) and one month
after periodontal therapy. Results: One month after periodontal therapy, the two groups responded
well to the non-surgical treatment but non-significant difference was observed (P>0.05). GI and
Pl-I scores were reduced (P<0.001) with reduction in PD and gain in clinical attachment (P<0.05)
in both groups. At baseline, the GCF mRNA levels of IL -6 and NO ˚ were higher in both studied
groups when compared with the healthy group. But the levels were high in group I more than group
II . The levels of mRNA for IL -6 and NO ˚ were significantly reduced after periodontal therapy in
group I and II . A significant correlation between the levels of mRNA for IL -6 and NO ˚ derivatives
with the clinical parameters mean scores at baseline and one month after periodontal therapy in
both groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Continuous exposure to fertilizers pollution did not affect the
clinical response of non-surgical periodontal therapy but it affects the mRNA levels of free radicals
NO ˚ and the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL -6 that lead to more destruction and worse outcomes of
periodontal tissues.