THE PRESENT work was conducted at the experimental farm of ……the Vegetables Research Farm in Kaha, Governorate, Egypt in the two successive seasons of 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 to study the differences in growth and root characters, fixed oil production as well as its chemical compositions and molecular genetic identifications between some introduced and local radish varieties to be used in breeding programs. Seeds of radish local varieties, Inbred line selected, Ballady, Round-Red and Chinese radish varieties, Lingyu, Lingcui, Hongxiu, Fongguang and Guoguang were sown in a well prepared soil on October 15th in the two seasons. The results revealed that, Fongguang variety overpass of root length, root weight, seed yield/plant (g) and fixed oil yield (ml)/plant, meanwhile, Lingyu variety overpass of root diameter, seed yield/plant (g) and fixed oil yield (ml)/plant. Regarding the fixed oil constituents; the best variety which gave the highest value of palmitic acid was Inbred line selected variety while, oleic acid from Lingyu variety, the lowest value of Erucic acid (29.1 %) was obtained from Hongxiu variety. Genetic and chemical differences of eight individuals of Raphanus sativus L. were studied to determine whether molecular characters could be used as taxonomical markers and to examine the correlation between them. Only five primers simplified all DNA templates among 15 primers. Primers generated a total of 64 DNA fragments, (64%) were polymorphic. The number of polymorphic bands scored per primer ranged from 6 (primers OP-D05 and OP-P15) to 13 (primer OP-K12). The largest number of RAPD-PCR markers was scored for Lingyu and Fongguang genotypes (12 markers), while the lowest (4 markers) was scored for Hongxiu genotype. In the meantime, the largest number of RAPD-PCR variety-specific markers was generated by primer OP-K12 (5 markers), while the lowest number of RAPD-PCR specific markers (1marker) was generated by primer OP-D05.