Introduction: Stress is one of the most important work-related psychological health problems. Occupational stress is defined as harmful physical and emotional responses incurred in work environment. Recently, researches focused more on the impact of the psychosocial work environment on health more than physical hazards in the workplace. As a lot of economic problems can result from mental problems among workers such as raising absenteeism, decrease productivity, expensive treatment and labor compensation claims. Aim of work: To study the stress condition among workers in a cement factory in Upper Egypt, and to detect vulnerable workers for stress. Materials and methods:A cross-sectional study was performed included 86 workers from main four departments (quarry, production, packing and maintenance). Pre-designed questionnaire was answered, including personal and occupational histories and specific questions to assess stress; extracted from Job Stress Questionnaire (JSQ), which was created in a study specially made by Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. Persons with a total score for physical stress response of 25 points or more are considered to have physical stress response. Results: The current study showed that nearly half of the studied group was current smokers, 22 % worked as farmers in their weekend, 95 % of workers were categorized in low physical job stress response. The mean of job stress score of all studied workers was 14.9 ±4.8, recording highest score 32 and lowest score 11. However, when comparing the job stress difference among workers according to different characteristic; there was statistically significant relationship between job stress and department distribution, duration of exposure, presence of respiratory complains and residency (p <  0.05).Conclusion: Nearly most of the studied workers (95 %) were categorized among low job stress group. However the most vulnerable groups for stress were maintenance workers, workers with respiratory complains, workers with high duration of exposure “more than 20 years", workers resident in urban areas, and supervisors.