Preliminary researches indicate that in some cases nano-particulate matter may be more toxic than other forms of the same or similar material. The term prevention comprises all measures directed at minimizing the risk associated with a specific exposure, the early detection through medical surveillance of adverse health effects resulting from such an exposure and the treatment of diseases. Application of the classical tools of occupational medicine and industrial hygiene are hampered by the lack of consensus guidelines for medical monitoring, exposure assessment, and exposure control. So, the problem of occupational exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) has raised many questions which remain unanswered till today. This review aims at discussing some general features of ENMs (Engineered nano-materials), how a worker might be exposed to ENMs, some potential health effects, and approaches to minimize exposure and toxicity.
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