Introduction: Coal will continue to play a major role in the global energy system for the coming decades. Consideration of environmental issues are raised by many environmental protection bodies, health authorities and governments specially land use, air pollution, waste management and water management. Management of coal dust having heavy metals, gas emission carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), methane and ozone, also radiation are the primary area of concern to all environmental preservation bodies and governments. Climate change mitigation policies and measures may put stricter caps on emission of greenhouse gases. Among all industrial sources of air pollution, none poses greater risks to human health and the environment than coal-fired power plants. Health problems linked coal-fired power plants has been claimed for many deaths, cardiac diseases, asthma and cancers. Conclusion and recommendation: latest environmental and health assessment indicated that coal plant emissions of key particle-forming pollutants like CO2, SO2 and NOx, methane, ozone and heavy metals over the last several years, contribute to a significant toll on health and longitivity of millions. Scientists in the field of health and environment declared their fear from using coal in energy production in Egypt as it may worsen quality of the environment and hence Egyptian health. After the Egyptian cabinet declaration ,in April 2014, of use of coal for energy production it worth mentioning that strict strategies should be followed for mitigating of coal's environmental impacts .