Background: There are many sources of water in fish farming. Most fish farms use the Nile River and agricultural drainage water in culture; it is the subject of research in this study.
Aim of the Study: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different sources of water on hematological, biochemical and gonads histology of Oreochromis niloticus.
Materials and Methods: Two fish farm Nile tilapia (O. niloticus) irrigate with different water sources supplied by fresh and drainage water. Fish and water samples were taken once biweekly during the study period to measure both Physico-chemical of water, and blood profile. At the end of the experiment, sample of 10 fish were taken from each types of water pond for measuring gonads histology.
Results: The results showed that, the highest values of pH, ammonia, nitrite and nitrate and decreased dissolved oxygen from drainage water. The results showed that, O. niloticus collected from drainage water recorded the highest values of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glucose, uric acid, creatinine cholesterol, and urea. Also, the mean concentrations of the biochemical parameters were high from drainage water compared to fresh water and detecting some changes of gonads histology of fish in drainage water.
Conclusion: From the results that were mentioned inferred that, the agricultural drainage water affected more than fresh water on hematology, biochemical parameters and gonads histology of fish O. niloticus.