AMPLIFICATION of DNA of 10 jojoba shrubs using 7 RAPD primers indicated that seed propagation of jojoba results in high genetic variation. To produce true-to-type clones, we applied a micropropagation technique. Medium (MS) containing relatively low concentrations (1 or 2mg/L) of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) did not stimulate shoot formation on jojoba nodal explants. The best shoot cloning on nodal explants was established on MS medium containing 3mg/L BAP and 0.1mg/L 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Shoot formation was more sensitive than growth of formed shoots than to changes in water potential of culture medium. Decrease in water potential (Ψ) of medium after adding 0.5mg/L of mannitol slightly increased the number of formed shoots and further decreased the medium Ψ by increasing NaCl or mannitol concentration, resulting in retardation of shoot formation. Data indicated that shoot formation was more sensitive than shoot growth to changes in Ψ of the medium. Callus weight decreased with decreasing medium Ψ to less than −435.014 MPa using 1g/L of NaCl, while mannitol application to decrease Ψ of the medium up to 435.054 MPa (4g/L) significantly increased callus fresh weight. Jojoba calli clearly expressed the effects of reduced Ψ in MS medium on esterase and protein patterns.