Most of the studies about bycatch are in industrial fishing. Consequently, the information about bycatch in the small-scale fishery is limited. Small-scale fisheries are promoted as a sustainable alternative to large-scale industrial fisheries. However, studying their effectiveness concerning bycatch and their effect on aquatic species is essential. In this study, we compared bycatch in three types of traps (Cylindrical pot, Operahouse trap, and Hokkaido pot) to catch Macrobrachium nipponense in the Anzali lagoon during 2015. The results showed a significant difference in bycatch rate and CPUE bycatch for all three fishing gear (P< 0.05). Operahouse trap had the highest mean CPUE for bycatch per trip (20.11). The highest discard rate of biomass and number of organisms was on the Operahouse trap, but comper to the total catch, it was the lowest one, which means the bycatch rate in the Operahouse trap was low (0.35). The results indicated Neogobius caspius, Blicca bjoerkna, and Cyprinus carpio had more papulations in the Cylindrical pot, Operahouse trap, and Hokkaido pot, respectively. In conclusion, the Operahouse trap, compare to the Cylindrical pot and Hokkaido pot, had a better efficiency, but it needs to improve this trap to reduce total bycatch.