The present study was conducted during the period from October 2015 to September 2016 to investigate the bioaccumulation and biosedimentation factors of five heavy metals in Solea solea inhabiting lake Qarun, Egypt. Water, sediments, and fish samples were collected during the year, 2015-2016. The present study exhibited that, the maximum values of bioaccumulation and biosedimentation factors were recorded in the liver and the minimum values were observed in the muscles. The results exhibited the differences of some heavy metals accumulation in different tissues of fish and the gradual accumulation and increase in the liver, gills and muscles during summer and spring than other seasons. The liver of S. solea accumulates higher levels of Cu, Fe and Zn than other organs. The results showed that the bioaccumulation factor of Cd, Fe and Mn in fishes were greater than biosedimentation factor and this implies that the fishes bioaccumulated these metals from the water. While copper and zinc accumulation in fishes from water were lower than that from sediment and this implies that the fishes bioaccumulated these metals from the sediment
Results recorded the higher values of total proteins in the kidney and liver of S. solea during winter, however, total proteins in the muscles was peaked during spring. On the other hand, total lipids in the target organs exhibited increasing levels during autumn and spring. Results supported that, the elevation of ASAT and ALAT activities in the target organs might reflect the early toxic effects of heavy metals on the hepatic enzyme activities which may lead to tissue damage and liver necrosis. Analysis of variance indicated that there are significant differences (p>0.05) in one way and non-significance in two ways.