This study aims mainly at identifying and determining the economic efficiency of eight food crops during the period 1987-2000. These crops are Wheat, Rice, Maize, Local Beans, Lentil, Onion, Potato, and Tomato. On the other hand, the study sheds lights on the marketing margins as well as marketing efficiency so that judging performance efficiency of production marketing activity of investigated crops. The Essential data used in the study were published and un- published data collected from Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS), Ministry of Agriculture and soil Reclamation. The methodology adopted in the study was condensed in some qualitative and quantitative economic analytic methods. Many important outcomes resulted from the present study as follows; 1-     There are statistically significant differences between the annual and monthly     net annual yield and the annual and monthly annual return on each of the summer and winter crops studied. 2-     There is a statistically significant increase in the average cost of unit production for summer and winter crops during the study period. 3-     There is a statistically significant increase in both farm prices, wholesale prices and retail prices for the summer and winter crops studied. There was a statistically significant increase in the marketing margins of both summer and winter crops, except for lentils from winter crops where the significance of the increase is statistically significant