This study aims mainly at identifying the productive efficiency of eight food crops during the period 2000 - 2014. These crops are Rice, Maize, Potato, Tomato, Wheat, Local Bean, Lentil and Onion. The Essential data used in ths study were published and un-published data collected from Central Agency for public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS), Minister of Agriculture and Soil Reclamation. The methodology adopted in the study was condensed in some qualitative and quantative economics analytic methods. Many important outcomes resulted from present as follows: - There are statistical significant differences in the cultivated area and productivity for the provinces of the main producers of crops subject of the study. - There are statistical significant decrease in planted area for most crops under study and an increase in the cultivated area of some of them but they increase is insufficient to meet the needs of the population. - It became clear superiority of some provinces producing crops under study for the rest of the product with the provinces in terms of productive efficiency. - Work to increase the area planted with those of food crops under study. - Need to reconsider the distribution of planted each crop of food crop areas under study to the provinces with the highest efficiency productive in order to achieve the best use of resources and to increase the total production of these important in terms of food crops, and the possibility of increased exports from export crops such as rice, potatoes, tomatoes, onions and reduce imports strategic crops such as wheat, maize and corn on the other hand, and in order to achieve a balance in the Egyptian trade balance, which would result in increase in net farm income would rise, farmers living level and then increase the Egyption national agricultural income.