Horizontal and vertical axes of agricultural expansion are the basis for agricultural development. According to limited and scarcity of land and water resources available to Egypt, with increased investments required for the reclamation of new land. We highlight the importance of using biotechnology to develop crop production through the development and improvement of varieties, and then cover the food gap, which is increased over time, contribute to reducing the shortage on the agricultural trade balance. Therefore, the research aims to study the effect of modifying the installation of breeds of wheat and rice in the total production and the food gap of wheat, also, in the total production and export surplus of rice, and their impact on the agricultural development in Egypt. Where the study depends on the statistical analysis like the one way analysis of variance method adopted in one direction coupled with using of the least significant difference L.S.D, compared to the average productivity of different varieties of the study crops. Based on the results of analysis of variance and L.S.D, results showed it can redistribute the wheat in patch according to standard productivity by substitution Gemmayzeh 9 high productivity variety replace the rest of the varieties  in the  north governorates, and Beni Swaif 1 high productivity variety replace other varieties in the upper Egypt. And this would be entail total production increasing of wheat from about 47.963 million ardebs to 44.317 million ardebs, an increase equivalent about 0.547 million tons, representing about 7.9 % of the gap size which estimated about 6.92 million tons in the same year, about 5.8 % of the actual production of the same season which estimated about 9.46 million tons. Therefore, the substitution Gemmayzeh 9 maritime the north governorates, and Beni Swaif 1 in upper Egypt governorates, high self-sufficiency rate from 57.8% to 61%, and reduce imports of wheat by about 0.547 million tons valued at about 0.43 billion dollars according to the import prices for 2013. For rice, the study recommends establishing a Hybrid class 1 replaces the rest of the varieties, this results in increased exports about 1 million tons worth 576.4 million dollars according to the export price $ 576.4 per ton of rice in 2013. Approximately, in the same year, it can double the amount of exports of rice or at least reduce Rice-cultivated area about 250 thousand Fadden planted to corn to save water. Moreover, this will only lead to increased Egyptian national income and contributes actively in development. So the study recommend that: in choosing varieties that fit the environmental conditions in wheat and rice growing areas, and the Ministry of agriculture in providing and distributing seeds to farmers in accordance with quality of variety  map in different regions of the Republic. Increase guiding role to publicize the benefits of using these improved seeds and its role in increasing production, as well as reduced prices for certified wheat and rice seeds, commensurate with farmers capabilities increasing use.