Objectives: To assess the serum level of Transforming Growth Factor beta one (TGF-1) in patients with type II diabetes mellitus (DM) both controlled and uncontrolled one with different degree of nephropathy and its relation to various laboratory parameters. Methodology: Serum level of TGF-beta 1 is measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in 60 patients with variable degrees of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and 10 healthy controls. Results: Results of the study are analyzed by appropriate statistical methods and showed that TGF-BETA level is significantly increased in patients with DN when compared to control group. Further analysis of patient subgroups revealed a significant increase in the serum level of TGF-beta1 in patients with uncontrolled type II DM with nephropathy when compared to patients with controlled type II DM with nephropathy. Moreover significant correlations between the serum level of TGF-beta1 and other laboratory parameters are found. Conclusion: The results of the study indicated an increase in serum level of TGF-beta1 in patients with type II DM having nephropathy especially in patients with uncontrolled type II DM.