Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare between MTA and β-TCP, alone or in combination with collagen, as regards the cell culture response and as regards the pulp tissue response. Materials and methods: In the cell culture study, the extracts of the four materials (MTA-W, MTA-C, TCP-S and TCP-C) were used for evaluating the cell viability and cell number. In the pulp capping, the animals were sacrificed at the end of each observation point (one week, three weeks and eight weeks). Results: Results revealed that the addition of collagen to MTA or β-TCP improved the early cell viability. For cell proliferation the addition of collagen to MTA improved the early cell proliferation. In the pulp capping study MTA-W and MTA-C induced complete dentin bridge formation.