This This study investigates the critical success factors (CSFs) influencing digital transformation (DT) in Egypt's public sector (PS), with a particular focus on leadership strategies (LS), digital culture (DC), and human digital competencies and skills (DCS). By examining these factors and their interrelationships within technological centers (TCs) affiliated with local government units (LGUs), the research aims to identify essential elements impacting the success of digital transformation initiatives (DTIs) in the socio-economic and public administration context of Egypt. Specific challenges in Egypt's PS, such as bureaucratic resistance and underdeveloped infrastructure, underscore the importance of this research. Quantitative data was collected through a structured, self-administered questionnaire targeting employees in TCs.
The findings reveal significant positive impacts of LS, DC, and DCS on DT success. Vision-oriented LS emerged as a critical determinant, with leaders fostering alignment and goal communication achieving superior DT outcomes in PS organizations. DC was similarly essential, as organizational acceptance of change and innovation strongly correlated with more effective DTI implementation. Furthermore, DCS played a vital role, with higher employee digital literacy and technical proficiency enhancing transformation success.
This study contributes to academic discourse by addressing gaps in the literature regarding DT in developing countries, particularly within PS settings, where cultural, structural, and resource-related challenges differ from the private sector. These results highlight the interplay between LS, DC, and DCS, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach to address Egypt's PS challenges. The findings also offer practical insights for policymakers and practitioners crossing similar socio-economic environments. By fostering strong leadership, cultivating advanced digital cultural practices, and enhancing digital competencies, organizations can achieve sustainable DT outcomes.