State treason is a critical threat to national security, capable of destabilizing political systems and straining international relations. In an era of evolving threats, such as espionage, cybercrimes, and transnational activities, Saudi Arabia has prioritized combating state treason as part of its national security agenda. Guided by Vision 2030, the Kingdom is reforming its legal frameworks to address emerging challenges while preserving its cultural and legal traditions. This study explores Saudi Arabia's leadership in addressing state treason, highlighting its innovative legal measures, institutional strategies, and alignment with international standards. By examining case studies and recent reforms, the research assesses the Kingdom's ability to protect its sovereignty and stability amid global security threats. Additionally, the study identifies areas for enhancement and provides recommendations to strengthen Saudi Arabia's role as a global model for national security administration in an increasingly interconnected world.