Objective: The purpose of the current study was to use the curcumin nanoparticles in the protection and reduction of Alzheimer's disease (AD) induced by Aluminum chloride (AlCl3) in male rats. Material and Methods: 24 male albino rats were divided into four groups: group I (the negative control), group II (the diseased group), group III (the protective group), and group IV (the treated group). For each group, behavioral test was performed, biochemical evaluation of Malonaldehyde (MDA) levels and Catalase (CAT) activities, β-amyloid protein (APP) gene expression, immune-histochemical expression of p-Tau, and histological examination of the hippocampus were done. Results: Curcumin nanoparticles decreased the latency to escape box in the protective and therapeutic groups. Furthermore, there was reduction in the oxidative stress in MDA levels as well as downregulation of the relative expression of APP of brain tissue. It also ameliorated the histopathological alterations in the hippocampus with decreased immune expression of p-Tau protein. Conclusion: Nanocurcumin particles ameliorated the structural and functional alterations in the brain induced by AlCl3 so, it could be considered one of the promising therapeutic compounds for treating AD.