Abstract: Background: Hysteroscopy visualization of endometrial cavity has revolutionized the detection and management of the endometrial pathologies over the last few decades. Purpose of the study was to assess maternity nurses' knowledge and practice regarding care of women undergoing hysteroscopy. Design:  A descriptive design was used. Setting: Obstetrics and Gynecological department in Menoufia University hospitals. Sample: A convenient sample containing 45 nurses caring for women undergoing hysteroscopy. Instruments: Knowledge of nurse structured questionnaire and nurses' performance observational checklist were used. Results: Approximately 2.2% of nurses had good knowledge about definition, indications, suitable time, complications, time needed for diagnosis, and time needed for therapeutic or surgical treatment of hysteroscopy. Also, the majority of nurses had low level of practice related to pre, intra, and post-operative preparation for women undergoing hysteroscopy. Conclusion: Nurses had poor knowledge score and low practice level regarding nursing care provided for women undergoing hysteroscopy procedure. Recommendation: Continuous teaching programs related to pre and postoperative care of women having hysteroscopy are required for nurses to develop and improve their knowledge and practice.