Background: Endotracheal intubated children have a greater risk of acquiring infection however, this problem is greatest in critical
care units. So, assessing knowledge and practice of ICU nurses is baseline to improve well-being of intubated patients. Aim: This
study aimed to assess the nurses' knowledge and practice regarding infection control measures in endotracheal intubated
children. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was utilized in this study. Setting: This study was
conducted at Mansoura University Children's Hospital (MUCH) on convenience sample of nurses (N= 98) 38 nurses in
Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit and 60 nurses in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Tools: Two tools were used to collect
data as the following : Nurse's knowledge structured interview questionnaire sheet and Observational checklist. Results: The
overall total knowledge score revealed that (62.2%) of nurses showed a good score level of knowledge with a mean of 26.5(4.5). A
few percentages of nurses had proper perform hand hygiene,oral care, patient monitoring and suctioning (12.2%, 4.1%, 1%, and
2% respectively). Moreover there was significant relation between nurses' years of experience and total knowledge score. While
there was no significant relation between total nurses' knowledge and practice Conclusion: Although nurses had good score
level of knowledge, they had inadequate practice regarding infection control measures in endotracheal intubated
children. Recommendation: Continuous educational programs to keep nurses in intensive care units updated with the evidence
based practices and carry interventions for reducing infection among endotracheal intubated children.